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How does SAS deal with missing data?
Whenever SAS encounters an invalid or blank value in the file being read, the value is defined as missing. In all subsequent processes and output, the value is represented as a period (if the variable is numeric-valued) or is left blank (if the variable is character-valued).
In DATA step programming, use a period to refer to missing numeric values. For example, to recode missing values in the variable A to the value 99, use the following statement:
IF a=. THEN a=99;
Use the MISSING statement to define certain characters to represent special missing values for all numeric variables. The special missing values can be any of the 26 letters of the alphabet, or an underscore. In the example below, the values 'a' and 'b' will be interpreted as special missing values for every numeric variable.
MISSING a b ;
For more information, click on the Help button in the SAS menu bar and scroll to SAS Help and Documentation.
If you have further questions, send E-mail to stats@ssc.utexas.edu.