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Frequently Asked Questions and Answers

These questions are frequently asked by our clients. Browse the category lists periodically to check for new FAQs that may help answer your question. New questions and answers will be added to the bottom of each category list shown below.

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General
#1: Available Macintosh Statistical Software
#2: Relationship between F and R-square
#3: Data codebooks
#4: DF for a correlation text (H0: rho=0)
#5: Point biserial correlation
#6: Estimation methods in structural equation modeling
#7: Finite population correction factor
#8: Comments/Codebook in an external data file
#9: Standard error of the measurement
#10: Negative factor loadings
#11: When covariates are not helpful
#12: Computing explained variance in factor analysis
#14: Anti-logs
#15: Eigenvalues less than 1.0
#16: Number of factors from a factor analysis
#17: Testing multivariate skewness and kurtosis
#18: Sample size for multiple regression
#19: Centering variables prior to computing interaction terms for a multiple regression analysis
#20: Simple main effects tests
#22: Multilevel models
#24: Contrast coding
#25: Handling missing or incomplete data
#26: How to perform pairwise comparisons of sample correlation coefficients
#27: What is a good kappa coefficient?
#28: How to compare correlation coefficients from the same sample
#29: Adjusted Bonferroni comparisons
#33: Handling non-normal data in structural equation modeling (SEM)
#36: Connecting to published statistical and mathematical applications on the ITS Windows Terminal Server
#40: Making a consulting appointment

AMOS
#1: AMOS Availability
#2: AMOS clipboard error 521
#3: Multiple group analysis
#4: Fitting a latent growth curve model
#5: Handling missing data using AMOS
#6: Nested model comparisons
#7: Handling non-normal data using AMOS

HLM
#1: HLM Availability
#2: HLM Output File Error Message
#3: Level-1 Regression Equations
#4: R-squared in a Hierarchical Model
#5: Confidence Intervals for Random Effects
#6: Graphing Multilevel Models

LISREL
#1: Accessing LISREL on ITS Systems
#2: Heywood cases and LISREL
#3: Covariance matrix not positive definite
#4: Total coefficient of determination for structural equations
#5: P-values for coefficient tests
#6: Reading missing data directly into LISREL
#7: Comparing groups using LISREL
#8: Assessing model identification
#9: Access Violation using LISREL on the ITS Windows Terminal Server

Minitab
#1: Moving rows to columns

Mplus
#1: Mplus availability
#2: Saving Mplus command files on the Windows Terminal Server
#3: Mplus Defaults

SAS
#3: Reading Adjacent Year, Month, and Day values using SAS
#6: Removing duplicate observations in a SAS dataset
#7: SAS Linesize option
#8: Catching data entry errors with SAS
#9: Creating a counter variable in SAS
#10: SAS chi-square test of indepdence and the phi coefficient
#11: Computing a Kappa statistic using SAS
#13: Using the SAS KEEP & DROP Statements
#15: Percentile ranks with SAS
#16: SAS/GRAPH scatter plots of predicted values
#17: Selection of a random subset of data in SAS
#18: Formatting dates for output in SAS
#20: File relationships in SAS
#21: Plot size settings in PROC PLOT
#22: Variable labels in SAS
#23: Summing variables with missing data in SAS
#24: Data as percentages in SAS
#25: Appending mean values to each observation in SAS
#26: Confirmatory factor analysis using SAS
#27: Pagesize option in SAS
#28: Plotting a regression line using SAS/GRAPH
#29: Internal consistency statistics using SAS
#30: Missing F-ratios and P-values in SAS GLM ANOVA
#31: Transfer of SAS datasets
#32: Uncompressing .Z files within SAS
#33: SAS missing values
#34: Reading hierarchical raw data files
#36: Using SAS Macro Language
#37: Jacknife regression using SAS
#38: Reading in a subset of cases in SAS
#39: Reading variable-length character strings into SAS
#40: Testing homogeneity of cell covariance matrices with SAS
#41: Special characters in SAS variable name
#43: Repeated measures ANOVA with SAS PROC GLM
#44: Hierarchical Regression Using SAS
#45: Identifying nonmatches in a SAS match MERGE
#47: Confidence intervals for cross-tabulated frequencies in SAS
#48: One-way ANOVA from summary statistics
#49: Overlaid lines in SAS/GRAPH
#50: Superimposed SAS/GRAPH plot
#51: PC SAS/GRAPH device names
#52: Printing color output from SAS/GRAPH
#53: SAS test of marginal homogeneity
#54: Debugging SAS code
#55: SAS System Options in the UNIX environment
#56: Removing centering and header information
#57: Mean substitution for missing values in SAS
#58: Placement of IF statements in SAS
#59: Counting occurrences of patterns in SAS character-valued data
#60: SAS cell chi-square test
#61: Overlay of histogram with Normal probability plot using SAS
#62: Reading compressed SAS transport files
#63: Replacing missing data from a second file
#64: Calling SAS macros on UNIX systems
#65: Using an array in SAS to detect missing values
#66: Customizing PROC PRINT output in SAS
#67: Generating random numbers with SAS
#68: Recoding variable values into missing values in SAS
#69: Three dimensional plotting with SAS
#70: Using the POINT and NOBS options with the SAS SET statement
#71: Displaying SAS output in Word
#72: One-to-many dataset merging with SAS
#73: Changing SAS output delimiter
#74: Generating design matrices in SAS
#75: SAS output of greater than 132 columns
#76: Formatting SAS data
#77: Computing an Intraclass Correlation using SAS
#78: Inputting missing data using SAS
#79: Counting if a condition is satisfied
#80: Duplicating observations using SAS
#81: FATAL: Unable to initialize work library on SAS for UNIX
#83: Creating a lead or lag variable using SAS
#84: Combining multiple lines into one using SAS
#85: Testing equality of slopes for two repeated measures variables in SAS
#86: Numbers and a ruler in the SAS program editor
#88: Converting SAS multivariate repeated measures data to univariate format
#89: Updating the SAS System license
#90: SAS out of memory
#93: Reverse scoring survey items using SAS
#94: Contrast coding using PROC MIXED
#95: SAS license updates for Macintosh
#96: Extracting cases with a given string from SAS
#97: Multilevel model ICC using PROC MIXED
#98: Fitting a multilevel model using PROC MIXED
#99: Fitting a three level multilevel model using PROC MIXED
#100: Simple versus weighted kappa from SAS PROC FREQ
#101: Plotting regression lines of best fit for multiple groups using SAS
#102: Rotating Axis labels in PROC GPLOT
#103: Reading SAS times and dates
#104: Custom within-subjects contrasts using PROC GLM
#105: Creating an episode splitting variable in SAS
#106: Univariate to multivariate data transposition in SAS
#107: Decomposing interactions using SAS
#108: Post-hoc tests in a crosstabulation table using SAS
#109: Identifying the last completed measure using SAS
#112: Printing RTF files in landscape mode
#113: Plotting multilevel model data
#116: Accessing SAS on the ITS UNIX time sharing servers
#117: Installing SAS 9.1.3 for Windows
#119: Running GLIMMIX on the Windows Terminal Server version of SAS

SPSS
#1: Change in R-Square using SPSS for Windows
#4: Intraclass correlation from SPSS Windows
#5: Creating a counter variable in SPSS
#6: Binomial probabilities using SPSS
#9: Contingency tables and the test of independence in SPSS
#10: Calculating change in years in SPSS
#11: Exporting SPSS/Mac system files to other systems
#13: Tukey's test for additivity in repeated measures designs
#14: Formatting SPSS FACTOR output
#15: Dummy-coded categorical variables for SPSS REGRESSION
#16: Repeated measures post-hoc comparisons using SPSS
#17: Selecting cases randomly with SPSS
#19: Producing an SPSS variable that has group mean values
#20: Sums of variable lists in SPSS
#21: SPSS univariate vs.multivariate tests of repeated measures ANOVA
#22: Obtaining one-tailed p-values
#25: Non-linear regression (negative exponential) with SPSS
#26: Converting SPSS multivariate repeated measures data to univariate format
#28: Identifying variables and cases with missing data
#29: Converting missing values to numeric using SPSS
#30: Using SPSS LOGISTIC to create a predicted category membership variable
#31: Interaction contrasts in SPSS
#32: Testing H0: Homogenous regression slopes
#33: Computing ANOVAS from summary stats with SPSS
#34: Correlating factor loadings from separate samples using SPSS
#35: Plotting separate regression lines for each subject
#36: Intercept in SPSS MANOVA contrast
#38: Having SPSS write temporary data files to a non-default location
#39: SPSS test of homogenous regression slopes with repeated measures data
#40: Adjusted means from SPSS MANOVA in a repeated measures with grouping factor
#45: Scoring exam scores using SPSS
#46: Counting like columns in SPSS
#48: Transforming univariate data to multivariate data using SPSS
#49: Converting a string variable to a date in SPSS
#50: Decomposing interactions using SPSS
#52: Installing SPSS 15

If you have further questions, send E-mail to stats@its.utexas.edu.